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Primary (or elementary) education consists of
the first 5–7 years of formal, structured education. In general, primary
education consists of six or eight years of schooling starting at the age of
five or six, although this varies between, and sometimes within, countries.
Globally, around 89% of primary-age children are enrolled in primary education,
and this proportion is rising. Under the Education For
All programs driven by UNESCO, most
countries have committed to achieving universal enrollment in primary education
by 2015, and in many countries, it is compulsory for children to receive
primary education. The division between primary and secondary education is somewhat arbitrary,
but it generally occurs at about eleven or twelve years of age. Some education
systems have separate middle schools, with the transition to the
final stage of secondary education taking place at around the age of fourteen.
Schools that provide primary education, are mostly referred to as primary
schools. Primary schools in these countries are often subdivided intoinfant schools and junior school.
In India, compulsory education spans
over twelve years, out of which children receive elementary education for 8
years. Elementary schooling consists of five years of primary schooling and 3
years of upper primary schooling. Various states in the republic of India
provide 12 years of compulsory school education based on a national curriculum
framework designed by the National Council
of Educational Research and Training.
TECHNICAL EDUCATION
The All India
Council for Technical Education (AICTE) is the statutory body and a
national-level council for technical education, under Department of Higher Education, Ministry of Human Resource
Development.Established in November 1945 first as an advisory body
and later on in 1987 given statutory status by an Act of Parliament, AICTE is
responsible for proper planning and coordinated development of the technical education and management education system in India. The AICTE accredits postgraduate and graduate
programs under specific categories at Indian institutions as per its charter.
It is assisted by 10
Statutory Boards of Studies, namely, UG Studies in Eng. & Tech., PG and
Research in Eng. and Tech., Management Studies, Vocational Education, Technical
Education, Pharmaceutical Education, Architecture, Hotel Management and
Catering Technology, Information Technology, Town and Country Planning. The
AICTE has its headquarters in 7th Floor, Chanderlok Building, Janpath, New
Delhi, which has the offices of the chairman, vice-chairman and the member
secretary, plus it has regional offices at Kolkata, Chennai, Kanpur, Mumbai,
Chandigarh, Guwahati, Bhopal, Bangalore, Hyderabad and Gurgaon.
In its April 25,2013 judgement the
Honorable Supreme Court said "as per provisions of the AICTE Act and
University Grants Commission (UGC) Act, the council has no authority which
empowers it to issue or enforce any sanctions on colleges affiliated with the
universities as its role is to provide guidance and recommendations."